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Massachusetts BB-59: Displacement: 33,000 tons; Length: 680'10"; Beam: 108'2"; Draft: 29'3"; Speed: 27 knots; Complement: 1793; Armament: 9 16-inch, 20 5-inch, 24 40mm, 35 20mm; Class: South Dakota.

Massachusetts (BB-59) was laid down on 20 July 1939 by the Bethlehem Steel Co., Quincy, Mass.; launched on 23 September 1941; sponsored by Mrs. Charles Francis Adams, and commissioned on 12 May 1942 at Boston, with Capt. Francis E. M. Whiting in command.

After shakedown, Massachusetts departed Casco Bay, Maine, on 24 October 1942 and, four days later, made rendezvous with the Western Naval Task Force for the invasion of North Africa, serving as flagship for Adm. H. Kent Hewitt. While steaming off Casablanca on 8 November, she came under fire from the French battleship Jean Bart's 15-inch guns. She returned fire at 0740, firing the first 16-inch shells by the U.S. against the European Axis Powers. Within a few minutes, she silenced Jean Bart's main battery; then she turned her guns on French destroyers that had joined the attack, sinking two of them. She also shelled shore batteries and destroyed an ammunition dump. After a cease-fire had been arranged with the French, she headed for the United States on 12 November, preparing for duty in the Pacific.

Massachusetts arrived at Noumea, New Caledonia, on 4 March 1943. For the next few months, she operated in the South Pacific, protecting convoy lanes and supporting operations in the Solomons. Between 19 and 21 November, she sailed with a carrier group striking Makin, Tarawa, and Abemama in the Gilberts. On 8 December, she shelled Japanese positions on Nauru, and on 29 January 1944, she guarded carriers striking Tarawa in the Gilberts.

The navy now drove steadily across the Pacific. On 30 January, Massachusetts bombarded Kwajalein, and she covered the landings there on 1 February. With a carrier group, she struck the Japanese stronghold at Truk on 17 February. That raid inflicted heavy damage on Japanese aircraft and naval forces, and also dealt a stunning blow to enemy morale. On 21 and 22 February, Massachusetts helped fight off a heavy air attack on her task group during raids on Saipan, Tinian, and Guam. She took part in the attack on the Carolines in late March and participated in the invasion at Hollandia on 22 April, which landed 60,000 troops on the island. Retiring from Hollandia, her task force staged another attack on Truk.

Massachusetts shelled Ponape Island on 1 May, her last mission before sailing to Puget Sound for an overhaul and to reline her well-worn gun barrels. On 1 August, she left Pearl Harbor to resume operations in the Pacific war zone. Departing the Marshall Islands on 6 October, she sailed to support the landings in Leyte Gulf. In an effort to block Japanese air attacks during the Leyte conflict, she participated in a fleet strike against Okinawa on 10 October. Between 12 and 14 October, she protected forces hitting Formosa. As part of Task Group 38.3, she took part in the Battle for Leyte Gulf from 22 to 27 October, during which planes from her group sank four Japanese carriers off Cape Engano.

Stopping briefly at Ulithi, Massachusetts returned to the Philippines as part of a task force that struck Manila on 14 December while supporting the invasion of Mindoro. Massachusetts sailed into a howling typhoon on 17 December, with winds estimated at 120 knots. Three destroyers sank at the height of the typhoon's fury. Between 30 December and 23 January 1945, she sailed as part of TF 38, which struck Formosa and supported the landing at Lingayen. During that time, she turned into the South China Sea, her task force destroying shipping from Saigon to Hong Kong, concluding operations with airstrikes on Formosa and Okinawa.

From 10 February to 3 March, with the 5th Fleet, Massachusetts guarded carriers during raids on Honshu. Her group also struck Iwo Jima by air for the invasion of that island. On 17 March, the carriers launched strikes against Kyushu while Massachusetts fired in repelling enemy attacks, splashing several planes. Seven days later, she bombarded Okinawa. She spent most of April fighting off air attacks while engaged in the operations at Okinawa, returning to the area in June when she passed through the eye of a typhoon with 100-knot winds on 5 June. She bombarded Minami Daito Jima in the Ryukyus on 10 June.

Massachusetts sailed on 1 July from Leyte Gulf to join the 3rd Fleet's final offensive against Japan. After guarding carriers launching strikes against Tokyo, she shelled Kamaishi, Honshu, on 14 July, thus hitting Japan's second-largest iron and steel center. Two weeks later, she bombarded the industrial complex at Hamamatsu, returning to blast Kamaishi on 9 August. It was here that Massachusetts fired what was probably the last 16-inch shell fired in combat in World War II.

Victory won, the fighting battleship sailed for Puget Sound for overhaul on 1 September. She left there on 28 January 1948 for operations off the California coast until leaving San Francisco for Hampton Roads, arriving on 22 April. She decommissioned on 27 March 1947 to enter the Atlantic Reserve Fleet at Norfolk and was struck from the Naval Register on 1 June 1962.

"Big Mamie," as she was affectionately known, was saved from the scrap pile when she was transferred to the Massachusetts Memorial Committee on 8 June 1965. She was enshrined at Fall River, Mass., on 14 August 1965, as the Bay State's memorial to those who gave their lives in World War II.

Massachusetts received 11 battle stars for World War II service.